Design and Analysis of a Compact Multiband Millimeter-Wave Patch Antenna for High-Frequency Wireless Applications

Abstract

Abstract- A compact planar antenna operating in the millimeter wave frequency range is presented in this work for high frequency wireless communication applications. The proposed antenna features a stepped and slotted radiating patch with a centrally fed microstrip line, designed to achieve multiband and broadband performance while maintaining a small physical footprint of 12 mm × 10 mm. The antenna geometry is carefully optimized to enhance the effective current path, resulting in improved impedance matching and radiation efficiency across a
wide frequency range. Detailed electromagnetic analysis, including electric and magnetic field distributions, surface current behavior, and far-field radiation patterns, confirms stable radiation characteristics at multiple resonant frequencies. The antenna demonstrates good impedance matching with |S₁₁| below -10 dB and VSWR less than 2 over most of the 35-100 GHz band. The achieved peak directivity of up to 11 dBi at higher frequencies highlights the antenna’s suitability for millimeter wave applications such as 5G communication, short-range high
speed links, and emerging wireless systems.
Keywords – Millimeter-wave antenna, Compact planar antenna, Microstrip antenna, Multiband communication, Broadband antenna, 5G wireless communication, High directivity, Impedance matching.